Back symptoms: A patient with spondylolisthesis may experience chronic back pain, especially when the spine is moved, such as when bending, lifting, or walking.
 
Leg symptoms: The patient may experience pain, numbness or a feeling of heaviness in the thighs and buttocks, especially when walking. However, these symptoms will alleviate after sitting down or leaning forward. Patient will notice a slow decrease in the distances they are able to walk. Severe compression of the nerves can also cause loss of control of bowel or bladder functions.

• Degenerative changes in the spine or a congenital defective joint
• Injury to the pars interarticularis (a portion of the lumbar spine)
• Injury to the spine caused by an accident or sport activities

• Spinal fusion  
• Percutaneous TLIF