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Assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IgG/albumin ratio in the absence of a paired CSF and serum specimen.
Elevation of IgG levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) (multiple sclerosis: MS, neurosyphilis, acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) is due to local CNS synthesis of IgG. The 2 most commonly used diagnostic laboratory tests for MS are CSF index and oligoclonal banding. The CSF index is the CSF IgG to CSF albumin ratio compared to the serum IgG to serum albumin ratio. The CSF index is therefore an indicator of the relative amount of CSF IgG compared to serum and any increase in the index is a reflection of IgG production in the central nervous system. The IgG synthesis rate is a mathematical manipulation of the CSF index data and can also be used as a marker for CNS inflammatory diseases.
CSF IgG: 0.0-8.1 mg/dL
CSF albumin: 0.0-27.0 mg/dL
CSF IgG/albumin: 0.00-0.21
Cerebrospinal fluid IgG index is positive (elevated) in approximately 80% of patients with multiple sclerosis.