What Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)?

Many people experience occasional stomach discomfort, diarrhea, or abdominal pain—and often dismiss these as minor digestive issues. However, these symptoms may indicate something more serious: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), a chronic condition that can significantly affect quality of life and lead to severe complications if left untreated.

Crohn’s Disease vs. Ulcerative Colitis: Key Differences in IBD

IBD refers to chronic inflammation of the digestive tract caused by an abnormal immune response that attacks the body’s own tissues. While the exact cause remains unknown, contributing factors may include genetics, immune system dysfunction, environmental triggers, diet, and stress.
There are two main types of IBD:

• Crohn’s Disease – Can affect any part of the digestive tract, from mouth to anus, though it most commonly targets the end of the small intestine. Inflammation may appear in patches and can extend into the deeper layers of the intestinal wall.

• Ulcerative Colitis – Involves continuous inflammation of the colon (large intestine) and rectum, typically starting from the rectum and spreading upward. The inflammation is usually limited to the inner lining of the colon.

Common Symptoms of IBD

IBD symptoms vary between individuals, but typical signs include:

• Persistent abdominal pain

• Diarrhea (often with blood)

• Unintended weight loss

• Fatigue

• Loss of appetite

• Low-grade fever

In some cases, IBD can also cause non-digestive symptoms like joint pain, skin rashes, or eye inflammation. These symptoms may flare up periodically or persist continuously, often disrupting daily life and leading to emotional stress or anxiety.
 

Diagnosis and Treatment of IBD

Diagnosing IBD requires a combination of:

• Medical history and physical examination

• Blood and stool tests

• Colonoscopy with possible biopsy

• Imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI to assess inflammation

Treatment options depend on the type and severity of the condition and may include:

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Immunosuppressive drugs

• Targeted biological therapies

• Surgery, in severe or unresponsive cases

Lifestyle adjustments, stress management, and personalized nutrition plans also play a key role in long-term disease management.
 

Why Choose Bumrungrad for IBD Care?

At Bumrungrad International Hospital’s Digestive Disease (GI) Center, patients receive comprehensive, specialized care for IBD. Our team of experienced gastroenterologists is supported by cutting-edge technology, including AI-assisted colonoscopy image analysis, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and early detection.
We offer holistic care—addressing both physical and emotional well-being—to help patients maintain as normal a life as possible. Whether you're newly diagnosed or struggling with persistent symptoms, our specialists are ready to support your journey with international-quality standards and personalized treatment plans.
 

Don’t Ignore the Signs

If you or someone you love is experiencing persistent gastrointestinal symptoms, don’t wait for the condition to worsen. Early intervention makes a significant difference.